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Tyndale Tech Emails |
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First sent out Aug. 2002
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New Bibles for Scholars, on the
Web
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At Tyndale we've just got a
copy of the new facsimile of Vaticanus,
and I thought they had sent the
original by mistake - it really looks
like the real thing! Every page is cut
exactly like the original,
so where the original pages have holes, the
facsimile has holes.
A new website about Vaticanus will tell you
more.
I've just come back from
SNTS in Durham where I spoke to a designer
of the new electronic Nestle-Alund
28, which will be free on the web
(to start with at least) and has exciting
features!
Also, some developments in
Peshitta translation, the Old Latin
(pre Vulgate) and straightforward web
Bibles for scholars,
including the first instance of the English Standard
Version on the
Web (did you know the translation committee worked at
Tyndale?).
1) STRAIGHTFORWARD WEB BIBLES
FOR SCHOLARS
2) GREEK TEXT: NESTLE-ALAND 28; VATICANUS
3) SYRIAC PESHITTA
TEXT & TRANSLATIONS
4) LATIN (pre Vulgate) VETUS LATINA
[restricted]
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1)
STRAIGHTFORWARD WEB BIBLES FOR
SCHOLARS
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Straightforward pointed
Hebrew with English in parallel
- MT without variants and Jewish Publication
Soc. translation
http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0.htm
Straightforward Greek NT
with variants from WH and NA26/27
- text has no accents or breathing, but it
does have variants!
http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/GNT/books.html
Multiple Greek eds and
English trans all-at-once
- no accents, but full Stephens 1550, Scrivener
1894, Byzantine
Majority & Alexandrian, Vulgate and some English
translations.
http://www.greeknewtestament.com/index2.htm
Crosswalk's Hebrew, Greek
& English Bible linked to lexicons
- pointed Hebrew, accented Greek,
choice of translations. Quick & easy
http://bible.crosswalk.com/InterlinearBible/bible.cgi?word=Genesis+1&version=nas
Fonts
are at http://bible.crosswalk.com/OtherResources/BSTFonts/
English Standard Version
-
aims to give a consistent word-by-word translation while keeping
a good
English style. It is based on the RSV but it is by no means
a simple revision
of it.
http://www.gnpcb.org/esv/
There are lots and lots of
other Bibles 'out there'
- see Tyndale's Biblical Studies page
http://www.TyndaleHouse.com/links_Biblical.htm
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2)
GREEK TEXT: NESTLE-ALAND 28;
VATICANUS
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The new edition of
Nestle-Alund (NA28) is in preparation.
The text itself will probably be the
same as NA27 (which
was the same as NA26 - which Kurt Aland regarded as
the
new 'Textus Receptus'). The Textual Apparatus will be much
improved.
But there is much more...
They plan to make an
electonic publication on CD and on
the Web alongside a new paper publication.
The electronic
versions are very exciting, because all the limitations are
gone.
- every textual source can be listed
- every variant, however
'unimportant', is given
- the text can be laid out to show every
variant
All this could be done in a
book (if it was big enough)
but the electronic version can do far more:
-
hover over a word and see all variants listed
- click on a MS variant, and
you see that MS text
- corrections are marked in blue. Click for the
original
- temporarily filter out variants you don't want,
eg show
only MSS which agree with Vaticanus
More is planned for the
future
- click on a MS to see an image of the original (this
depends on
who owns the original, and whether they
have put it on the web. Till then,
you have to visit Munster,
which has microfilms of virtually every surviving
text.)
How much?
- the CD will
be free with the book version
(it will work on PC & Mac, using a
web browser)
- the web interface will be FREE at
www.uni-muenster.de/NTTextforschung/
When?
That's the tough
one. Only 1 John is done so far and
it will be on the web 'in October 2002'.
But progress
is swift, and they are already ahead of schedule.
The 20 most
important MSS wiil be transcribed in 3 years,
when all the NT will go
online
Comments
Barbara Alund
said that this project will take us 'closer to
the original text'. Therefore
the project still gives a fixed
text with variants all compared to that
text.
The Biblon 2000 project
(mirrored at Tyndale) is far further
ahead than NA28, and doesn't claim to
find THE original text,
because you can make your own. Click on a variant in
the
apparatus and it is incorporated into the text, so that you
can build
your own version. Try it out at:
http://www.tyndale.cam.ac.uk/Biblon/
Vaticanus B:
We don't
yet have the text on the web (though the new NA28 should
have it,
eventually). In the meantime you'll have to come and use the
wonderful new
facsimile at Tyndale. This publicaton is already giving
Vaticanus research a
boost - see some of the fruits of this work at
http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/Vaticanus/index.html
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3)
SYRIAC PESHITTA TEXT &
TRANSLATIONS
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The Peshitta is being
re-assessed, and many scholars regard it as a
second century translation.
Maurice Casey continues to argue that
many of the Gospel sources were first
recorded in Aramaic - he told
me last week that his book on Aramaic Q is just
about to come out.
The importance of the Peshitta is finally becoming
recognised.
Peshitta in Syriac
- not
always easy to use, but where else can you find this?
http://cal1.cn.huc.edu/searching/targumsearch.html
Peshitta in
English
George M Lamsa's translation (Harper & Row 1933) isn't on the
web
(as far as I know), but other English translations are:
James
Murdock's translation of the Syriac Peshitta (1852)
- an Online Bible version
can be downloaded from
http://www.ccel.org/olb/tolbss/zipfiles/translations/mur.exe
-
a searchable version (with a huge number of other translations) at
http://www.bibletechnologieswg.org/bible/
The
Peshitta is being newly translated by Vic Alexander at
http://www.v-a.com/bible/index.html
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4)
LATIN (pre Vulgate) VETUS LATINA
[restricted]
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The Vetus Latina is the Old
Latin text of the Bible - the version
before the Vulgate, which is found
no-where in print. It has to
be reconstructed from tens of thousands of
citations in early
Church Fathers. This work is gradually being published as
small
portions of text with comprehensive commentaries on how the text
was
constructed, but publication is slow.
Cambridge University
Library started a trial subscription to
Vetus Latina online, so I had a go.
In ten minutes I was able to
do some research which I had been putting off
because it would
have taken me several weeks. I wanted to trace all the early
Latin
translations of Eph.5.32 where marriage (or the marriage of
the
church to Christ) is called a "mysterion". The Vulgate translated
this
as "sacramentum" which, in early Latin means something which
is hidden, but
under Aquinas gained very different meaning.
It is from this text that
marriage became one of the seven
sacraments. The Vetus Latina database showed
that most Fathers
translated it as "sacramentum" even before the Vulgate,
though
a handful translated it as "mysterium" and one as
"mysterii
sacramentum". Interesting!
If you're in Cambridge (or
other subscribed sites) you can see it at
http://www.brepolis.net/login/overview.cfm
If
it says 'not subscibed', read about it or arrange a free trial at
http://www.brepolis.net/vld_en.html