[As To] An omen , and one who is removing a heap [of debris], and likewise one who has received a promise to be released from prison, and an invalid, and an aged person who can eat as much as an olive, one slaughters on their behalf. [Yet in the case of] all these, one may not slaughter for them alone, lest they bring the Passover-offering to disqualification. Therefore if a disqualification occurs to them, they are exempt from keeping the Second Passover, except one who was removing debris, because he was unclean from the beginning.
MISHNAH: m.Pes.8.6[As To] An omen , b.Pes.91a and one who is removing a heap [of debris], and likewise one who has received a promise to be released from prison, and an invalid, and an aged person who can eat as much as an olive, one slaughters on their behalf. [Yet in the case of] all these, one may not slaughter for them alone, lest they bring the Passover-offering to disqualification. Therefore if a disqualification occurs to them, they are exempt from keeping the Second Passover, except one who was removing debris, because he was unclean from the beginning.
GEMARA: Rabbah [BA3] son of R. Huna [BA2 or PA4] said in R. Johanan`s [PA2] name: They learned this only of a heathen prison; but [if he is incarcerated in] an Israelite prison, one slaughters for him separately; since he was promised, he will [definitely] be released, as it is written, The remnant of Israel shall not do iniquity, nor speak lies. R. Hisda [BA3] observed: As to what you say, [If he is in] a heathen prison [one may] not [kill on his behalf alone]; that was said only [when the prison is] without the walls of Beth Pagi; but [if it is] within the walls of Beth Pagi, one slaughters on his behalf alone. What is the reason? It is possible to convey it [the flesh] to him and he will eat it. Therefore if a disqualification occurs etc. Rabbah b. Bar Hanah [BA3] said in R. Johanan`s [PA2] name: They learned [this] only of a round heap; but [if it was] a long heap, he is exempt from keeping the Second Passover, [for] perhaps he was clean at the time of the shechitah. It was also taught likewise: R. Simeon [T4] the son of R. Johanan b. Beroka [T3]h said: One who is removing a heap [of debris] is sometimes exempt [from the Second Passover] and sometimes liable. How so? [It if was] a round heap and uncleanness [a corpse] was found underneath it, he is liable; a long heap, and uncleanness was found underneath it, he is exempt, [for] I assume [that] he was clean at the time of shechitah.
[A] In behalf of (1) one who suffers a bereavement of a close relative on that same day, (2) one who has the task of clearing away a ruin [and may, in fact, thereby suffer corpse uncleanness],
[B] and so too: (3) one whom they have promised to free from prison -
[C] (4) a sick person, and (5) a senile person, [both of whom] can eat an olive`s bulk of the meat of a Passover offering -
[D] they slaughter [a Passover offering].
[E] In the case of all of these, [however], they do not slaughter [a Passover offering] in their behalf alone,
[F] lest they lead the Passover offering to suffer invalidation.
[G] Therefore, if some form of invalidation befell them, they are exempt from having to prepare a second Passover offering,
[H] except in the case of one who has the task of clearing away a ruin,
[I] for [if he uncovers a corpse] he is unclean to begin with [at the time that he animal was sacrificed]. y.Pes.8.6 I
[A] R. Yose b. R. Bun, Abba b. Bar Hanah in the name of R. Yohanan [PA2], ``The teaching [in the Mishnah] deals with a case in which Israelites imprisoned him [then the promise to free him may be relied on], but if gentiles captured him [their promise is unreliable as conveyed in the following verse speaking of foreigners:] `Whose mouths speak lies and whose oaths are false` (Ps.144.8).
[B] ``[The Mishnah] treats a case in which [the imprisoned person] was held outside of Jerusalem. But where [he is] held in Jerusalem, even [if] they did not promise him [that he would be freed, he] is like one whom they promised [for we can be assured that he will be in a position to partake of the Passover offering, be cause his share can be brought into the prison].``
[C] R. Jonah [PA5] and R. Yose both of them said, ``Initially we said, `An uncircumcised Israelite [in expectation of his forthcoming circumcision, before the time of eating of the offering] - they toss blood in his behalf,` but we did not say any thing [of consequence, i.e., we were in error].``
[D] R. Simon b. Zabedi taught before R. Hila, ``It says here `And if a stranger who dwells with you would offer the Passover to the Lord, all his males must be circumcised; then he shall be admitted to offer it` (Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53<>Exod.12.48<>Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53), and it says there, `[And any slave a man has bought by money] then may eat of it [once he has been circumcised]` (Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53<>Exod.12.44<>Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53). Just as the `then` said there [in Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53<>Exod.12.44 <>Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53deals with a situation in which the individual may eat the offering provided that he is fit during the time of eating [the action mentioned in that verse] ,S so the `then` said here [in Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53<>Exod.12.48 <>Exod.14.19, 20, 31, 53applies], provided that he is fit during the time of slaughter [the action mentioned in that verse]. y.Pes.8.6 I:2
[A] At times he is considered like them [the other categories in m.Pes.8.6].At times they are considered like him.
[B] ``At times he is considered like them``: [this] refers to [one who found a corpse after opening an] elongated heap, [for] I [may] say, ``The blood was tossed for him before he reached the place of impurity`` [and he is therefore exempt from bringing the second Passover].
[C] ``At times they are considered like him`` - in regard to a circular heap [where he is assumed to have overshadowed the corpse from the outset]: [if] an invalidation befell one of them between slaughtering and tossing [of the blood], they are considered like him in regard to a circular heap [for in being unfit during the time of tossing, they do not fulfill their requirement but must bring a second Passover offering].